An innovator, is a person who introduces into reality, opens a new area.

Diffusion of innovation research was started in 1903 by researcher Gabriel Tarde. Was a French sociologist, criminologist and social psycologist who conceived sociology as base on small psycological interactions among individuals. Amon the concepts that Tarde initiated were the group mind and economic psychology and the develop.

Tarde defined the innovation-decision process as a series o steps that includes:

1. First knowledge
2. Forming an attitude
3. A decisión to adopt or reject
4. Implementation and use
5. Confirmation of the decisión

This process has been proposed that the life cycle of innovations can be described using “s-curve” or “diffusion curve”, s-curve relations the productivity against time.

• In early stage of a particular innovation, growth is relativey slow,
• after customers begin to demand and the product growth increases more rapidly
• Towards the end o its lifecyce, growth slows and maye ven begin to decline
• In the later stages, no amount of new investment in that product will yield a normal rate of return.

Innovation is the result o a process that brings various novel ideas in a way that they affect society: Industrial economics will typically be working on innovations renewal and enlargement of products, services and markets, development of new methods of production; and establishment of new management systems; and found services to meet the growing consumer demand.

Positive changes in the organizational context:

• Efficiency
• Productivity
• Quality
• Competitiveness
• Market sahere

Peter Drucker (Austrian-born American management consultant, educator, and autor, the founder of modern management ), wrote:

“Executives and managers need to break away from traditional ways of thinking and use chang to their advantage. It is a time of risk bute ven greater opportunity. The world of work is changing with the increase in the use of technology and both companies and businesses are becoming increasingly competitive”.

“Changes in industry structure, in market structure, in local and global demographics, in human perception, mood and menaning, in scientific knowledge, etc.”

Measure of innovation at the organizational level relates to individuals, team-level assessments, and prívate companies with workshops, consultants, or internal benchmarking.

Companies will typically be working on new innovations that will eventually replace older ones.

Bibliografía:

• Burgher, Peter H, “Changement, Understanding&Managing Business”, Lexington Books, 1979
• Carl Heyel “ The encyclopedia of management”, Van Nostrand Rinhold Company, 1982
• Eliot D. Chapple “Culture and Biological man, explorations in behavioral anthropology”, Cornell University, 1970
• Spencer Johnson “Who Moved my Cheese?”Spencer Jhonson, 1998
• Tom Peters “Liberation Management” Excel, 1992

• Wikipedia

Links:

• “Innovation” Harvard

https://hbr.org/topic/innovation

https://i-lab.harvard.edu/

• “20 Innovation tools” Implement consulting group
  http://implementconsultinggroup.com/inspiration/articles/20-innovation-tools/